Prevalence and Its Associated Factors to Diarrhea Among Under Five Children in Ethiopia
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 3, September 2020
Pages:
32-35
Received:
1 September 2020
Accepted:
23 September 2020
Published:
16 November 2020
Abstract: Diarrhea is defined as having three or more loose, or liquid stools per day. Ethiopia is one of the developing sub-Saharan African countries sharing the high burden of diarrhea mortality. The risk of a child dying before becoming the age of under-five children was highest in Ethiopia as well as in the world. The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence and factors associated with diarrhea among children of age of under-five in Ethiopia. This study used data from the 2016 Ethiopia demography and health survey. The prevalence of diarrhea among under-five children was 825 children out of 5,335 in Ethiopia. Based on the chi-square test; region, currently pregnant mothers, child lives with whom and source of drinking water were significantly associated with the prevalence of diarrhea among the ages of under-five children. Binary logistic regression was applied and analyzed using Stata version 14. Region, child living with whom and source of water are the significant factor of the prevalence of diarrhea under five children. A child taking protected water, and a child living with his or her family is highly appreciated for reducing the prevalence of diarrhea among the ages of under-five children. In addition, planning for better access to health facilities for each region.
Abstract: Diarrhea is defined as having three or more loose, or liquid stools per day. Ethiopia is one of the developing sub-Saharan African countries sharing the high burden of diarrhea mortality. The risk of a child dying before becoming the age of under-five children was highest in Ethiopia as well as in the world. The aim of the study was to assess the p...
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Conditional Variance and Interest Rates in Nigeria: Evidence from the Egarch-in-Mean Framework
Ejem Chukwu Agwu,
Ogbonna Udochukwu Godfrey
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 3, September 2020
Pages:
36-41
Received:
18 July 2020
Accepted:
26 August 2020
Published:
31 December 2020
Abstract: This study captured the components of Exponential Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity (EGARCH-in-mean) framework; conditional variance (volatility), asymmetric effect and volatility persistence and interest rate in Nigeria. This is because ofthe usefulness of interest rates in measuring the financial conditions, also are major instrument of monetary policy and volatility being one of the most important concepts in finance. The study used real interest rate obtained from Central Bank of Nigeria and National Bureau of Statistic from 1970 to 2018 inclusive. The accommodating EGARCH-in-mean framework was employed in the estimation of the model. The following were found; conditional volatility is negatively and significantly related to interest rate. Also that interest rate volatility in Nigeria is not persistent. Again, there is existence of leverage effect, implying existence of asymmetric effect in the Nigerian financial market due to interest rate volatility. Consequently, the researchers suggest as follows; due to the presence of asymmetry effect, the Bankers’ Committee tightens their seat belt to forestall subsequent volatility in interest rate in Nigeria by consistently and regularly reviewing interest rate to accommodate the dynamism of the economy. Again adequate palliative measures be made available to enable investors continue with their economic activity in any business cycle in Nigeria.
Abstract: This study captured the components of Exponential Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity (EGARCH-in-mean) framework; conditional variance (volatility), asymmetric effect and volatility persistence and interest rate in Nigeria. This is because ofthe usefulness of interest rates in measuring the financial conditions, also are major...
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